On average, one in three carry-on items passing through the X-ray is selected for manual inspection. The process itself is time and labor intensive and only checks specific parts of each bag (not the entire contents)
Human factors such as insufficient training, low motivation or reduced alertness mean that manual sampling leads to inconsistent inspection by operators, who are prone to fatigue and errors in judgment.
Trace detectors require a sufficiently large amount of the suspect material – which is not always available with manual sampling – in order to perform an effective analysis.
Manual sampling is time consuming, so only a partial swabbing of the surface can be performed, (according to a prescribed procedure)  which also carries a heavy logistical burden in addition to personnel-related costs, since it requires significant floor space, special tables and a separate area for the inspection team.

​

Big Problem – this process is Slow!

​

•Each inspected bag must be opened

•Every object should be swabbed

•Objects get moved

•Many bags are overloaded

•Contents fall on floor

•Privacy violated - complaints

•2-3 minutes per bag

•Inspectors are subject to:

•boredom

•distraction

•lack of concentration